A summary of the high political and knowledge required of a point

 1, the meaning of goods: goods for exchange of labor products.
2, the basic properties of goods - use value and value of the concept of use value
: commodity to meet the needs of the people some kind of property.
(Note: There may not be using the value of commodities, the value must be used.)
(2) the value of goods: no difference in the condensation in the commodity of human labor.
(Note: Use the value of different commodities is able to exchange, because all of the undifferentiated human labor cost) ; (3) the commodity is the unity of use value and value, and neither is dispensable
use value is the value of the material bearer of value is not used things are not commodities, things are not without value goods. Anyone who can not have both use value and value of goods. The purpose of consumers to buy goods in order to obtain the use value of goods, the seller is to realize the value of goods.
(b) the nature of the currency.
1, the production of money: Money is the commodity exchange to a certain stage of development of the product;
2, the meaning and nature of money:
(1) meaning: money is separate from the merchandise fixed to act as a general equivalent commodity.
(2) the nature of money: the general equivalent.
(general equivalent: the performance of all other goods to the value of the goods as a medium of exchange of goods.) understand
3, the functions of money
(1) two basic functions - - measure of value and means of circulation
A, measure of value functions
(1) meaning: that is the currency as a yardstick to measure the performance and size of all other functions of the value of goods .
(reason: money has become a measure of value because the currency is also a commodity, but also valuable.)
(2) the relationship between price and value:
so-called price by a certain number of currencies out of the commodity value, called the price. Price is the monetary value of the performance, value is the basis of price. In the case of other things being equal, is proportional to commodity prices and value.
(3) the implementation of monetary measure of value functions, the only concept of money, not real currency.
B, means of circulation:
(1) meaning: money functions as a medium of exchange of goods,UGG bailey button, called the means of circulation.
(2) pay attention to means of circulation and circulation of commodities difference. Money as a medium of exchange of commodities, called the circulation of commodities. Currency in circulation means that stressed the role of commodity exchange,UGGs, commodity circulation emphasize how the exchange of goods.
(3) as a means of circulation of money must be real money, not a conceptual currency.
(2) money in the development process there has been a storage means, means of payment, the world's monetary functions.
4, the currency in circulation amount of the required formula.
Liutong amount of money needed in the total = the price (ie Daishou The quantity × price level) / velocity of money
(This shows that: Circulation in the amount of money needed, with the total amount of commodity prices directly proportional to the inverse proportion with the velocity of money.)
5, notes the emergence and development:
(1) notes the development of commodity exchange,UGG boots clearance, with the resulting.
(2) the meaning of notes: it must be country (or in some areas) issued, the value of mandatory symbols.
(Note: The notes have no value in itself,bailey UGG boots, it just means instead of metallic money in circulation functions of the Executive. It should be emphasized two points: first, issued by the State or specific region of the. Second, the state forced to use. notes have no value, the Therefore, the exercise can replace money in circulation means, the main reason is that country's mandatory.)
6, inflation and deflation.
(1) notes issued by the State, the State power to issue paper money, but not any issue of any number of notes. The circulation of banknotes in circulation must be based on the amount of money required for the limit.
(2) Inflation refers to the economic operation of a comprehensive, continuous price rise phenomenon. If the circulation of banknotes in circulation exceeds the amount of money required will cause inflation and affect people's lives or the social and economic order.
(Note: the causes of inflation are many, not too much with a circulation of paper money, but also with other factors such as rising costs,new Uggs,  aggregate demand is too large, etc..)
(3) deflation an economic phenomenon and the opposite of inflation, the price performance of a comprehensive and sustained decline in economic phenomena. Usually accompanied by economic recession.